Module I: Reading and Writing

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Stephen Hawking’s book, A Brief History of Time, presents a broad overview of cosmology, from the Big Bang to black holes. Despite discussing a complex subject, Hawking’s use of clear language and relatable analogies has ___ the understanding of cosmology for the general public, making it a bestseller.
Which choice completes the passage with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
1
Mark for Review
obscured
popularized
mystified
belittled
Recognized as one of the greatest scientists of the 20th century, Albert Einstein revolutionized our understanding of the fundamental laws of the universe. His groundbreaking theory of relativity, which posits that space and time are intertwined, has ___ our perspective on reality.
Which choice completes the passage with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
2
Mark for Review
disintegrated
forged
escalated
unraveled
The Amazon Rainforest, often referred to as the “lungs of the Earth,” plays a critical role in the world’s oxygen cycle. However, extensive deforestation, largely due to agricultural practices, has ___ the delicate ecological balance of this biodiverse region.
Which choice completes the passage with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
3
Mark for Review
augmented
jeopardized
revitalized
mitigated
In the Renaissance, the arts flourished with a renewed interest in the aesthetics of classical antiquity. Among the prominent artists of this period, Michelangelo Buonarroti’s sculptural works, such as the statue of David, ___ the ideals of humanistic beauty.
Which choice completes the passage with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
4
Mark for Review
negated
overshadowed
encapsulated
dissolved
The following text is adapted from F. Scott Fitzgerald’s 1925 novel The Great Gatsby. The passage describes Gatsby’s extravagant parties.
There was music from my neighbor’s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon, I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach, while his two motor-boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam. On weekends, his Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city, between the colossal urns of Gatsby’s house and the ritous gardens that lapped the shore.
As used in the text, what does the word “colossal” most nearly mean?
5
Mark for Review
enormous
petite
subtle
rustic
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