Module I: Reading and Writing

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 Dragon against Tiger is an important work of Nihonga, or classical Japanese painting. Unlike Wada Eisaku, who adopted traditional European methods such as painting with oil on canvas, Hashimoto Gahō ___ traditional Japanese approaches. For instance, Hashimoto produced Dragon against Tiger by applying color pigments to a silk surface.
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Mark for Review
 overlooked
 distrusted
 embraced
 released
Domesticated thousands of years ago in South America, the tomatillo deviates structurally from the wild plant it is descended from. Summer squash, another domesticated crop from the Americas, doesn’t closely resemble any wild plant, and genetic research only recently ___ its ancestor to be the wild Johnny gourd.
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Mark for Review
revealed
expanded
encouraged
petitioned
 The following text is adapted from Anton Chekhov’s 1904 play The Cherry Orchard (translated by Julius West in 1916).
TROFIMOV: Believe me, Anya, believe me! I’m not thirty yet, I’m young, I’m still a student, but I have undergone a great deal! I’m as hungry as the winter, I’m ill, I’m shaken... and where haven’t I been—fate has tossed me everywhere!
As used in the text, what does the word “undergone” most nearly mean?
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Mark for Review
 Uncovered
 Ignored
 Experienced
 Conveyed
 Text corpora such as the British National Corpus are enormous collections of electronically stored texts that can be used for empirical testing of hypotheses regarding the frequency of typical word usage. If one has a ___ that the word “own” has a high incidence in English, for example, an analysis of a corpus can support that hypothesis by showing that “own” is the eighth most commonly used adjective.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
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Mark for Review
 synopsis
 scheme
 recognition
 supposition
 Researchers have long hypothesized that woolly mammoths were hunted to extinction in North America by humans using spears with grooved tips known as Clovis points. One anthropologist set out to test this hypothesis. Using a mechanical spear-thrower, he launched spears with Clovis points into mounds of clay—substitutes for the animals’ large bodies. The projectiles generally penetrated only a few inches into the clay, an amount insufficient to have harmed most woolly mammoths. This led the anthropologist to conclude that hunters using spears with Clovis points likely weren’t the principal drivers of the extinction.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
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Mark for Review
 To argue for the significance of new findings amid an ongoing debate among researchers.
 To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the method used in an experiment.
 To summarize two competing hypotheses and a major finding associated with each one.
 To describe an experiment whose results cast doubt on an established hypothesis.
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