Module I: Reading and Writing

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In her comprehensive study Urban Shadows: The Hidden Toll of City Life, Dr. Felicia Green explores the pervasive issue of pollution in metropolitan areas. She underscores the shift from the __________ visible smog and soot of the early industrial era to the more insidious and often unnoticed pollutants of modern urban environments, such as microplastics and airborne chemicals.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

1
Mark for Review

  sporadically

  ostentatiously

  pervasively

  inadvertently

The recent surge in economic indicators has been remarkable. The GDP growth rate, employment figures, and consumer spending have all shown a _______ increase over the past year. This upward trend reflects a robust and resilient economy, capable of withstanding various challenges and continuing to grow.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

2
Mark for Review

  gradual

  substantial

  aimless

  sporadic

Metropolis, a city known for its rapid urban development and technological advancements, has seen unprecedented economic growth in recent years. However, Rivertown, despite its historical significance and cultural heritage, has experienced a more _______ economic trajectory, making it less attractive to new businesses and investors.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

3
Mark for Review

  predictable

  volatile

  consistent

  stable

The following text is adapted from a recent article on biotechnology advancements. Dr. Patel and her team have developed a new method for gene editing that promises to revolutionize the field. The technique, known as CRISPR-X, allows for unprecedented precision in editing genetic material. 'This is a game-changer,' said Dr. Patel. The method involves a series of complex procedures that enable scientists to target and modify specific genes with remarkable accuracy. The potential applications of CRISPR-X are vast, ranging from curing genetic disorders to enhancing agricultural crops.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

4
Mark for Review

  To highlight Dr. Patel's personal achievements in the field of biotechnology

  To emphasize the challenges faced by the research team during the development of CRISPR-X

  To describe the innovative and precise nature of the new gene-editing technique

  To depict the state-of-the-art features of the laboratory where the research was conducted

Discussions about secularism often focus on the separation of religion from public life, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a neutral state that does not favor any particular belief system. This perspective can make secularism seem like a purely political doctrine. However, sociologist Dr. Alex Smith argues that, if we consider the cultural and social dimensions of secularism, we uncover a complex interplay between personal beliefs, societal norms, and public policies that shape modern secular societies.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?

5
Mark for Review

  It highlights a common interpretation of secularism that the text claims has been reconsidered by scholars in light of new research.

  It mentions an aspect of secularism that the text implies is often emphasized due to scholars' preferences.

  It summarizes a typical approach to understanding secularism, which the text suggests creates a limited view of the doctrine.

  It describes a common approach to studying secularism that, according to the text, overlooks the deeper, more complex themes of the concept.
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