In an oligopoly, a few dominant firms control the market. These firms often find it beneficial to _______ their pricing strategies to maximize profits. This behavior can lead to higher prices for consumers and reduced competition in the market.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The philosopher's treatise examined the psychological distinction between genuine moral imperative and mere velleity, arguing that ethical frameworks lacking mechanisms to translate theoretical commitments into practical action inevitably devolve into performative virtue rather than substantive social transformation.

As used in this sentence, "velleity" most nearly means

In a closed system, the total energy remains constant, a principle known as the conservation of energy. When a ball is dropped from a height, its potential energy is gradually converted into kinetic energy as it falls. Upon reaching the ground, the ball has its maximum kinetic energy and minimum potential energy. This energy transformation is a classic example of how energy can change forms but is never lost. However, in the real world, some of this energy is inevitably lost as heat due to air resistance and friction, demonstrating the unavoidable impact of __________.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Ecologist Dr. Maria Sanchez made a groundbreaking discovery in 2005 when she identified a new pathway in the nitrogen cycle, which is crucial for soil fertility and plant growth. This discovery was initially met with skepticism, as the pathway involved previously unknown microbial processes. Despite the initial doubts, further research confirmed that these processes were indeed significant in nitrogen cycling. This discovery revolutionized our understanding of soil ecosystems and earned Dr. Sanchez numerous accolades, though some of her collaborators were controversially excluded. Dr. Sanchez's work paved the way for advancements in sustainable agriculture and has had a lasting impact on environmental science.

Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?

The following text is adapted from the novel, 'Cultural Tapestry'. In this scene, Aisha and Miguel, two friends from different cultural backgrounds, are discussing their traditions. 'My family celebrates the Lunar New Year with a big feast,' Aisha said, smiling. 'It's a time for us to come together and honor our ancestors.' Miguel nodded, 'In my culture, we have a similar celebration called Día de los Muertos. It's a way for us to remember and celebrate our loved ones who have passed away.'

Which choice best states the main idea of the selected text?