Module I: Reading and Writing

timer
Lady Grant and colleagues ______ pots of sterilized soil with slurries of live microbes collected from soil in five sites across Colorado, including areas of sagebrush and dry pasture. Grant and team then grew mustard plants in the pots to see if the different microbial slurries affected levels of spicy glucosinolates like indole in the plants’ seeds.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
1
Mark for Review
populated
sanitized
precluded
estimated
The collectibles market is one of the most difficult segments of the consumer economy to ______. Few economists would have predicted, for example, that the prices of collectible gold and silver coins would soar in the early 1980s, but soar they did.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
2
Mark for Review
monitor
exchange
avoid
forecast
Derived from research conducted with factory workers from 1924 to 1933, the Hawthorne effect suggests that participants’ awareness that they are being studied alters their behavior and influences study outcomes. Since then, several researchers have claimed to invalidate this phenomenon, positing that the Hawthorne effect cannot be ______ because attempts to detect it invariably involve faulty research methods.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
3
Mark for Review
substantiated
inculcated
rectified
hypothesized
Paleontologists think that Dsungaripterus, Sauroposeidon, and other long-extinct pterosaurs and sauropods may have breathed using air sacs connected to tubelike extensions inside the animals’ bones. Such structures are found in modern birds, which is why some paleontologists treat the respiratory systems of birds as ______ those of Dsungaripterus, Sauroposeidon, and other pterosaurs and sauropods.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
4
Mark for Review
emissaries for
proxies for
subordinates of
harbingers of
Advancements like the emergence of copper smelting in south central Europe circa 5000 BCE are overemphasized in innovation studies, contributing to the idea that technological change always brings greater complexity. Research by Nathaniel Erb-SatuIlo reveals an important exception: gold metallurgy flourished in the Caucasus in the Bronze Age, but a steep drop during that time (circa 1500 BCE) in objects featuring gold filigree (in which fine threads of gold are arranged in intricate patterns) and other sophisticated goldsmithing techniques suggests that simpler processes supplanted more advanced methods.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
5
Mark for Review
It summarizes the findings of several studies into the origins of a particular invention and then presents additional evidence from a more recent study that contradicts those findings.
It explains that a particular interpretation of technological development has been perpetuated in an academic field and then provides a counterexample demonstrating that the interpretation isn’t always accurate.
It advances a claim made by researchers in one academic field about the nature of technological change and then critiques a contrasting claim presented by a researcher from a related academic field.
It details the near-consensus among researchers in a particular field of study regarding how the perceived complexity of technological change has shifted over time and why that consensus has developed.
logo

Guest

-->