Module I: Reading and Writing

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Microplastics are a common pollutant in large masses of water like rivers. High concentrations and ______ among particles—variations in size, shape, and material—make it onerous to comprehensively classify the microplastics in a water sample, so Alvarez-Zeferino et al. are exploring a device to help quickly and accurately identify certain characteristics.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
1
Mark for Review
incompatibilities
restraints
disruptions
inconsistencies
Researchers have long debated the origins of silver used in European coins from the 600s through the early 800s CE. Geochemical analysis by Kershaw et al. of 49 coins dating to 660–820 CE provides concrete evidence that reconciles two competing theories: early coins were made from Byzantine silver, and later coins used Frankish silver, findings that provide firm details in a previously ______ area of study.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
2
Mark for Review
esoteric
speculative
authoritative
solitary
The following text is adapted from Alice Dunbar Nelson’s 1899 short story “The Fisherman of Pass Christian.” Pass Christian is a city in the US state of Mississippi.
The swift breezes on the beach at Pass Christian meet and conflict as though each strove for the mastery of the air. The land-breeze blows down through the pines, resinous, fragrant, cold, bringing breath-like memories of dim, dark woods shaded by myriad pine-needles. The breeze from the Gulf is warm and soft and languorous, blowing up from the south with its suggestion of tropical warmth.
As used in the text, what does the word “mastery” most nearly mean?
3
Mark for Review
Domination
Familiarity
Skillfulness
Comprehension
In the search for new impact craters on Mars, the roles of seismic monitoring and orbital imaging as data sources are ______: when vibrations detected with seismic monitoring indicate roughly where an impact has occurred, researchers can use orbital images of that relatively limited area of the rocky surface to precisely locate a new crater.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
4
Mark for Review
exhaustive
redundant
interchangeable
complementary
Understanding juvenile sea turtles’ migratory patterns is crucial for conservation efforts. While adult sea turtles are well studied, little is known about juveniles during their oceanic stage, when they spend most of their time in the open ocean. To learn about this stage, researchers tagged and released six juvenile green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) into the eastern Caribbean Sea. Their findings revealed that the majority of the turtles passively drifted with ocean currents throughout the region. However, two individuals swam against the currents, possibly in search of foraging grounds off the coast of South America.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
5
Mark for Review
To summarize research on an understudied stage of sea turtle development
To suggest reasons why some juvenile sea turtles swim during migration
To compare the behavior of adult and juvenile sea turtles
To describe successful conservation efforts for sea turtles
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